Dengue fever, transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, has spread to 74 districts of Nepal. Tanahu district has recorded the highest number of cases, with 715 confirmed infections.
Since the beginning of 2024, 3,755 people have been diagnosed with dengue. Gandaki province has reported 1,448 cases, followed by Bagmati with 928. Other provinces with significant numbers of cases include Koshi (639), Lumbini (328), Far West (295), Madhesh (65), and Karnali (52).
The number of dengue cases in Gandaki province has steadily increased in recent weeks. Public health experts warn that the outbreak could worsen as the monsoon season subsides. Last year, dengue affected all 77 districts, leading to over 52,000 infections and 20 deaths.
Dengue’s Ascent to the Mountains
Unlike two decades ago, mosquitoes are now prevalent in the Kathmandu Valley, and insect-borne diseases have reached even the mountainous regions of Nepal. Factors such as rising temperatures, population growth, urbanization, climate change, and the mosquitoes’ ability to adapt to lower temperatures have contributed to the spread of dengue.
Understanding Dengue
Dengue is a viral infection transmitted through the bites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. These mosquitoes thrive in temperatures between 15 and 35 degrees Celsius and can survive in stagnant water for extended periods.
The primary symptom of dengue is a sudden high fever that can last for five to seven days. Other symptoms include weakness, fatigue, headache, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting, and rash. In severe cases, dengue can lead to complications such as bleeding and organ failure.
Prevention Measures
To prevent dengue, it is crucial to eliminate mosquito breeding grounds, such as discarded tires, containers, and stagnant water. Covering water tanks, cleaning water storage areas regularly, and destroying mosquito larvae are essential preventive measures.
Personal protection measures include wearing long sleeves and pants, using mosquito repellents, and sleeping under mosquito nets. It is also important to seek medical attention immediately if you experience dengue symptoms.
